Word-meanings: Lost Spring
1.
Rag-picker:
any who picks up torn clothes, waste material lying here and there कूड़ा करकट चुनने
वाले
2.
to enact a law: to make a law: Laws are enacted by governments. बनाना
3.
excerpt: /ˈek.sɜːpt/
extract, passage, a piece of text
4.
scrourging:
Here the job of the rag-pickers searching valuables from the garbage is not
less than a scourge (that
also means a punishment) :scourge: /skɜːdʒ/:
something that causes a great trouble कड़ी मेहनत करते हुए कुछ ढूढ़ने में सफल होना
5.
mutters:
speaks in a low voice दबी आवाज़ में कुछ बोलना,
6.
glibly:
Root word is glib, and it means to speak in a confident way, but it lacks in
careful thought and honesty बिना विचारे परन्तु विश्वाश के साथ कुछ बोलना
7.
embarrassed
[/imbær.st/feeling
shyशर्मिंदगी महसूस की): Do not ask about his personal life. He will feel
embarrassed.
8.
bleak
(charmless उदास, अंधकारमय , उजाड़ , निराशाजनक) world: Shaheb lived in a bleak
world
9.
he roams (बिना उद्देश्य के घूमना wanders about) the
streets with his friends:
10.
he shuffles (बदलना, Here it means: feels uncomfortable)
his feet and says nothing. यहाँ पर इसका अर्थ असुखद महसूस करना है
11.
this is only an excuse to explain
away a perpetual (जो निरन्तर हो
unending) state of poverty..
12.
the temple, which was now drowned डूबा हुआ, छाया हुआ in an air of desolation उजाड़, निर्जनता misery and loneliness). Drown in
something means that is lost or covered in. It is a phrasal verb. If we say the
village is drowned in darkness, it means darkness has covered the whole
village.
13.
the barefoot rag-pickers leads me
to Seemapuri, a place on the periphery
बाहरी हिस्सा, जैसे गांव में फिरनी होती है (/pəˈrɪf.ər.i/
outer part) of Delhi
14.
yet miles away from it, metaphorically प्रतीकात्मक तरीके से (/ˌmet.əˈfɒr.ɪ.kəli/
symbolically).
15.
Seemapuri was then a wilderness (निर्जन, जहाँ कोई न रहता हो area not in use).
16.
with roofs of tin and tarpaulin, devoid (रहित lacking in के बिना ) of sewage
17.
….say a group of women in tattered (torn) saris
18.
… you don’t stop scrounging (मेहनत करते हुए ढूढ़ना
searching intenselyगहनता के साथ ), for
there is hope of finding more.
19.
it has acquired (उपलब्ध करना
achieved) the proportions (equalities)
समानता of a fine art.
20.
For the children it is wrapped in wonder: covered: लिपटा हुआ
21.
for the elders it is a means of survival. जीवित रहने का एक साधन
22.
“I like the game,” he hums, content (संतुष्ट satisfied) to
watch it standing behind the fence.
23.
The fact that they are discarded (फेंका हुआ thrown out) shoes of some rich boy,
24.
But the game he is watching so intently (बहुत ध्यान के साथ with
full interest) is out of his reach
25.
His dream looms (appears unclear) like a mirage amidst the dust of streets अस्पष्ट सा दिखाई देना, एक भ्रम की
तरह
26.
with high temperatures, in dingy (छोटी सी small) cells
कोठरियां without air and light
27.
where they slog (गुज़ारना drag)
their daylight hours,
28.
Mukesh’s eyes beam (चमक जाती हैं shine) as he volunteers (स्वयं सेवा में लगाना देना offers himself) to take me home,
29.
We walk down stinking (बदबूदार giving out foul smell) lanes choked (भरी हुई stuffed)
with garbage, past homes that remain
hovels (झुग्गी झोंपड़ियां small
and dirty homes) with crumbling (about to fall down) walls, wobbly doors, no windows, …
30.
crowded with families of humans
and animals coexisting in a primeval ( ancient) state आदिकालीन,
पुरातन
31.
bangs a wobbly (जो डगमगाता हो, गिरने के कगार पर हो shaky) iron door
with his foot, and pushes it open.
32.
We enter a half-built shack
शेड या झोपड़ीनुमा
33.
is a firewood stove over which sits a large vessel of sizzling गरमागरम, तपता हुआ, पकता हुआ spinach leaves.
34.
In this case the elder is an impoverished (गरीबी से ग्रस्त poverty-stricken)
bangle maker.
35.
he has failed to renovate (नवीनीकरण repair/modernise) a house, send his two
sons to school.
36.
lie in mounds (ढेर heaps)
in unkempt (अस्त-व्यस्त)
बेतरतीब में ,untidy) yards, are piled on four-wheeled handcarts,
37.
the narrow lanes of the shanty (small छोटा) town.
38.
And in dark hutments, झोंपड़ियां next to lines of flames of flickering टिमटिमाते हुए oil lamps
39.
It symbolises an Indian woman’s
suhaag, auspiciousness (पवित्रता sanctity)
in marriage
40.
It will dawn (occur) on her suddenly one day when her head is draped (ढके हुए covered) with a
red veil, …
41.
The young men echo the lament (रोना, दुखी होना, grieve over) of their elders.
42.
Years of mind-numbing toil have killed all initiative and the ability to dream. अगुआई, शुरुआत
43.
young men who have fallen into the vicious circle of middlemen
who trapped their fathers and forefathers. कुचक्र
44.
We are the ones who will be hauled (dragged) up by the police, beaten and dragged to jail for doing something illegal,” they say. घसीट कर लाये
जाएंगे या किसी केस में फंसा लिए जायेंगे
45.
They talk endlessly in a spiral that
moves from poverty to apathy
(indifference) भावनाओ की कमी, उदासीनता
to greed and to injustice.
46.
burdened by the stigma of caste in which they are born धब्बा, दाग
47.
He is content to dream of cars
that he sees hurtling (moving
at a high speed) down the streets of his town. दौड़ती हुई
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